Function: Its four cis double bonds give the cell membrane higher fluidity and selective permeability, which is essential for cell signaling, membrane protein function, organelle integrity and vascular permeability, and also has an important impact on neuronal function and brain plasticity.
Ion channel regulation: It can directly act on voltage-gated ion channels, such as sodium (Nav), potassium (Kv) and proton (Hv) channels, affect neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission, regulate electrical activity, and activate or inhibit different types of K channels, affecting nerve impulses, muscle contraction and hormone secretion.
Receptor and enzyme activity: It can regulate GABA receptor activity, affect γ-aminobutyric acid gated ion channel function, inhibit nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, affect neurotransmission, and activate NADPH oxidase complexes, participate in the generation of ROS, and affect immune cell function.
Inflammation and immune regulation: Its metabolites, such as lipoxin A4, can reduce inflammation, regulate immune cytokine expression, promote wound healing, have the potential to fight diabetes, and are related to type 2 immune response, affecting the recruitment and activation of immune cells.
Cell Death and Cancer: It may have anti-tumor activity by inducing cell membrane lipid peroxidation and activating specific signaling pathways. It shows cytotoxicity to multiple cell lines and is also involved in the normal apoptosis process. It affects the activity of SMase for specific cancer-related enzymes such as neutral sphingomyelinase activator, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation.
Nervous System and Development: It is essential for the development of infants' nerves and retina, and affects cognitive and visual functions. Together with DHA, it accounts for 20% of the weight of the brain, affects muscle growth during and after activities, is related to motor function, and supplementation is beneficial for strength training.
Metabolism and Movement: It accounts for a certain proportion in muscles, affects muscle adaptation and output after exercise, has a positive effect on sports performance, and has been shown to improve muscle function in rat experiments.
Parasitic Diseases: It affects the surface membrane of parasites by activating specific enzymes, promotes their death, and shows anti-insect activity.
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Arachidonic acid 506-32-1 is stable and can be used as a food additive
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